Heart Rate and Cardiovascular Disease: An Alternative to Beta Blockers

Heart Rate and Cardiovascular Disease: An Alternative to Beta Blockers

Ivabradine, an I(f) inhibitor, acts primarily on the sinoatrial node and is used to reduce the heart rate with minimal effect on myocardial contractility, blood pressure, and intracardiac conduction. Heart rate reduction is an important aspect of care in patients with chronic stable angina and heart failure. Many patients with coronary artery disease have coexisting asthma or chronic obstructiv...

Beta Blockers and Heart Failure

reduced longevity.1 Heart failure can be due to systolic or diastolic left ventricular dysfunction. Most patients with heart failure have primarily systolic dysfunction. In two-thirds of patients with systolic dysfunction, the cause is coronary artery disease.2 However, patients may also have nonischaemic causes of cardiomyopathy such as hypertension, valvular heart disease, myocarditis, system...

Beta-blockers and heart failure

Beta-blockers for coronary heart disease in chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND Limited data exist on whether the cardioprotective benefit of beta-blockers is modified by the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS A post hoc analysis of the data from the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) study was performed. CKD was defined according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <...

Heart Rate and Use of Beta-Blockers in Stable Outpatients with Coronary Artery Disease

BACKGROUND Heart rate (HR) is an emerging risk factor in coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there is little contemporary data regarding HR and the use of HR-lowering medications, particularly beta-blockers, among patients with stable CAD in routine clinical practice. The goal of the present analysis was to describe HR in such patients, overall and in relation to beta-blocker use, and to de...